Texts in Time: Heart of Darkness vs Blood Diamond

Leukocytes Salmon's circumstance he plans to utilize him to get his hands on an amazingly important jewel; the Diamond of Salmon's eye (his child Did) for the huge clash stone. During the main portion of the film Danny is impolite and narcissistic; anyway he is impacted by Salmon's adoration, Maydays energy and Benjamin theory and gradually changes into keen man who can see farther than the oversimplified standards of ravenousness and riches. 010 Troy Greater pappy, yet at incredible expense to the African regular folks. In any case, presently we know reality and we're not all that glad any longer. We ought to express gratitude toward Kick for opening our eyes and addressing how far is excessively far? A fixation on riches is the main thrust for not just rivals Captain Poison and Van De Kappa however for the superstar, Danny Archer, as well. Danny was conceived in Rhodesia, the nation we know today as Zanzibar and lost his folks when he was seven. His mom was disregarded before kille d alongside his dad and Danny was embraced into he army.After serving his nation and being looted of his family and youth he believed he had the right to be well off and got associated with the illegal precious stone exchange. As he never had the chance to esteem some different option from cash, riches was his most elevated need. Lear inning o f obviously, these specific stories are anecdotal, yet they have been made to advise us that these awful occasions occur, and have been occurring for more than one hundred years. Kick as depicted his film as ‘holding up a blunder to the world, to help the world to remember itself, regardless of whether this picture is unflattering. He has remarked moves in the worldview possibly come about when individuals are happy. Conrad and Kicks works remark on values like riches, influence and family and issues, for example, misuse, separation and savagery. In the two stories something little like the longing for a shimmering ring can have an incre dible and progressing unintended impact. The film's antagonistic circumstances and human enduring are intended to shock us so cap we will make a move, along these lines delivering a constructive result from the film.This is valid for Conrad and Kicks manifestations, as a solitary book/film has started attention to the repulsiveness and motivated individuals to connect and roll out an improvement. If it's not too much trouble Join us in our campaign for a more promising time to come. Highlight Article Not So Crystal Clear reality with regards to precious stones and verification our qualities haven't changed in one hundred years. BY HOLLY SMITH Over time, our guiding principle have remained moderately unaltered, regardless of whether mentalities towards them presently vary.

The Media (Books, Film, Music, Television, for Example Essay Example for Free

The Media (Books, Film, Music, Television, for Example Essay In the event that to make esteem intends to make absolutely new worth that never exist in its present society, media is difficult to make esteem. Media is constantly gotten from our general public, so it generally reflects and show the worth as of now exist in our general public. Be that as it may, some significant works won't Just basically reflect esteem, yet separate qualities from our general public, reinforce it and afterward can influence the estimation of our general public, which will cause individuals to consider this works make esteem. One inborn explanation that make media consistently mirror the estimation of current society is, their writers originate from the present society, who are as of now profoundly influenced by the alue around them. One model is the thing that individuals like and feel in various occasions reflect in the music. 100 years back, when more individuals live in the nations, life is progressively tranquil, and individuals increasingly like peaceful and straightforward life, down home music are well known. At time that, the verse of the down home music mirror the quiet and straightforward life individuals appreciate. In any case, these days, in our cutting edge life, an ever increasing number of individuals live in current city, swarmed, loud and unpleasant, which drive individuals all the more effectively feel crazy and long for discharge. So todays popular music, mirroring our cutting edge life, are progressively powerful and fast, and the majority of them increasingly boisterous. Some verse of the popular music will depict a people weeping for his/her disappointment and weight from the general public. Another genuine model that media reflect estimation of society is the manner by which individuals in various regions treat sex that influences their media. In some strict nations, individuals think about sex as an untouchable. Individuals tend to not discuss it out in the open. So it is difficult to see creators portray sex expressly in their works, no notice that open media will advertize this point. Be that as it may, in western nations, sex for their kin, is Just a typical and standard need in their worth, so it is entirely expected to see that the medias originate from estern nations will even depict sex. Basically to state, books, music and a wide range of various works and worth consistently mirror the estimation of the present society in their time and zone. In the event that esteem absolutely never exist in the general public, new incentive in media can't be made or spread there. Albeit all works mirror the estimation of the present society, the significant works would concentrate and feature the worth, and apply it to influence the general public where it originates from. For instance, in renaissance times, heaps of rationalists, scholars and sociologists made attempts to diffuse their worth, similar to individuals are for the most part equivalent, individuals have the privilege ince their introduction to the world. This worth has long and profound impact on the open individuals that affected individuals to stand up and oppose the special class. Be that as it may, these extraordinary savants, scholars and sociologists can place this incentive into their works and spread it since this worth nas previously existed in the general public But this worth isn't so solid and notable, what this works do is to fortify and develop it into the general public. In total, all media originate from society so mirror the worth where they are inferred. Be that as it may, in some degree, some significant works can fortify the worth and influence the general public.

Two Good Books in One A Bookish Phenomenon

Two Good Books in One A Bookish Phenomenon There are many things I love. A cup of strong, black coffee in the morning. When my English Bulldog, Babaganoush, snuggles up on my lap. Having brunch with my girlfriends. The promising, festive pop that comes with opening a bottle of bubbly. I love my book clubâ€"even when I dont read the book. I love it when I see any woman (or person, I should really say person) fight the patriarchy. I adore chocolate: especially a warm, chocolate chip cookie, straight from the oven. There is nothing better. Except maybe books. Books take first place. It isnt even a contest, at least not a fair one. And the only thing better than a good book? Two good books. Make that two good books in one. I am referring, of course, to a phenomenon that, in my opinion, is almost magical: when books recommend other books. I begin this list with a confession: I cannot credit the first book that did this. I remember everything else about the experience. I was curled up in bed reading a novel on my iPad (one of the first I ever bought in digital format) when the main character talked about a book she loved:  Something Borrowed by Emily Giffin. She didnt just mention the title, either. She shared a little bit about the plot. And said there was a sequel (Something Blue). Once I was done with that book, I went online and bought both. And every other Emily Giffin book. Ive been a devoted fan sinceâ€"Baby Proof is my favorite. I hate that I cannot remember the title of the book that gave me this gift. I should send the author a fruit basket. Or a box of chocolate chip cookies. At least I can say that I learned from this forgetful experience. I now keep track of the books that generously introduce me to other books. For example, it was Asymmetry by Lisa Halliday that gave me Survival in Auschwitz by Primo Levi. Little Fires Everywhere gave me On the Road. Eleanor Oliphant is Completely Fine made me want to want to reread Wild Nightsâ€"Wild Nights!, a poem by Emily Dickenson. This brings me to an important point: sometimes the recommended work is one that Ive already read. This is by no means a waste of a recommendation. Its wonderful to see a book (or poem) that I knowâ€"and loveâ€"inserted in a story. I counted mentions to five novels in Elin Hilderbrands latest novel, The Perfect Couple, and Ive read all of them (The Night Circus is my favorite). This may or may not be because I follow Elin on Twitter and often ask her for book recommendations. But I digress. Three Daughters of Eve gave me over half a dozen booksâ€"by far my favorite was Zadies Smiths White Teeth. A Little Life introduced me to On Narcissism. Id never read Freud before. Lucy, a character in Carola Loverings Tell Me Lies, mightve been too distracted to read Cutting for Stone, but I finished it in two days. Shrewed by Elizabeth Renzetti introduced me to Shrill by Lindy West (both are collections of hilarious and relevant essays). Even when I dislike the recommended book, I am still happy to come across a recommendation. Its like finding a present inside a present. My one pet peeve: when an author isnt specific enough. In Chemistry, Weike Wang mentions three titles, all of them generic-soundingâ€"Heart of Darkness, The Stranger, The Trialâ€"without listing their authors. It was a little annoying. Still, I forgive Wang because Chemistry was moving and insightful. Which brings me to another point: a recommended work is only as good as its original, recommending novel. What Im trying to say is this: thank you. Thank you to all the authors who have shared with me not only their wonderful novels, but also another writers work. Youve done a most gracious, generous thing. I wish I could send you all boxes of cookies and cases of bubbly. Or whatever else you love.

You Are What You Eat Combating Obesoty in the United...

Those who are governed are permitted to be governed how they choose. Those who govern must put the needs of the governed first.1 Philosopher John Locke believed that humans needed to be governed similar to what Thomas Hobbes. However, John also believed that people had the right to their own personal freedoms. Currently, America is perceived as an overweight and obese country.2 In response to the speculation of the health and well being of American citizens steps have been taken to hopefully prevent the increase of the percentage of obese Americans, and also decrease the percentage altogether. John Stossel once stated in his interview â€Å"Food Nannies† â€Å"What business is yours what I put in my body?† John Stossel believed that the government†¦show more content†¦Statistics have shown that even though Americans consume less calories, the percentage of overweight and obese Americans is still on the rise.4 Restaurants have also found that even though that th e calories were posted next to the products that were being sold, that customers actually purchased even more calories since the changes were made to the menus.5 The country of Denmark was able to sustain the â€Å"Fat Tax† for a year before it was eventually repealed. While the â€Å"Fat Tax† was still being implemented by the Denmark government, citizens resorted to cheaper but equally as unhealthy junk food. As states tried to enforce the use of a â€Å"Candy Tax† the specific definition of what was candy varied greatly between store to store. Consequently, this led to store clerks not knowing what to tax and the inevitable failure of the â€Å"Candy Tax†. Americans have found the taxes set by the government both annoying and encouraging. Americans feel like the government should not force them what to eat, however, they are grateful for the choice presented and offered to be healthy. Americans have shown interest in the healthy choices offered by the government, but resent being forced into taxes. Americans have argued that adding taxes would infuriate the national populace instead of guiding the population towards living a healthier lifestyle. Public schools implement lunch rules which require students

Persuasive Speech Essay - 1187 Words

William Despite being filled the tiny 600sq foot apartment was quiet. The campaign workers all had looks of disappointment. The hard work they had put in for months seemed to not matter, after the disastrous past few weeks they had. William takes the initiative to break the silence â€Å"Good evening everyone I just wanted to take the opportunity to thank you for the months of hard work, we wouldn’t have gotten this far without you. I know that things aren’t going well at the moment and it feels like all your labor has been for not. I’ve asked a lot of you, and I m still going to ask a lot of you. We are only a few weeks from the election, and we are so close to achieving our goal. Please don t give up now and give the victory to the other†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"I can’t lie to you buddy he would win. Even though polls are showing the race is tight our opponent has a lot of momentum after the debate last weekend.† While this answer brought no comfort to William he agreed with George’s assessment. The first misstep happened when a rumor about his supposed connection to the largest prostitution ring in the state. The lack evidence for these claims did not matter to his opponent, as he brought up the story in every speech when he could. The night of the final debate was one marred by violence as members of both campaigns got into a brawl half way through the debate putting an end to it early. Now as the race nears its final leg the outcome for William is now in doubt. It is at this time that George presents a plan that drastically changes the course of William Johnson’s life and career. George: â€Å"You remember that friend Jerry I told you about?† William: â€Å"That hacker right? Yeah, I remember you talking about him. Why? What about him. George: â€Å"Well I was talking to him earlier and told him about the issues we are having, and he thinks he can help us, but it will cost us. William: â€Å"I think I know where you’re going with this and I don’t like this.† George: â€Å"Oh come on man you haven’t even finished listening to me, and you re already saying no William: â€Å"Your damn right I am! What you’re suggesting to me is that I pay this hacker to influence the election so that we’ll win.† George: Yes, that s what I mShow MoreRelatedEssay on Persuasive Speech822 Words   |  4 PagesAshley Buckner Persuasive Speech COMM210D 4/20/12 Why should you smile? I. Imagine: you wake up in the morning. You get ready and grab a cup of coffee. Then, you walk out the door, seeing many faces as you make your way to work, and walk up to your building. When you walk inside expecting to be greeted by many more positive faces, you see none, and so you walk over and sit down at your desk. While thinking back on your morning to work you were realizing that there was not a moment ofRead MorePersuasive Speech Essay1263 Words   |  6 PagesLike most Americans and members of the global community, I ve had the luxury to process the recent events of Charlottesville from a distance. Saturday s peaceful march by demonstrators against white racist and supremacist groups, who gathered to march against the removal of Confederate monuments, turned deadly. I ve been asked to share my thoughts of the tragic outcome we ve seen, as well as to offer steps that people of influence, especially those in leadership, can take to advance our nationRead MorePersuasive Sp eech Essay1059 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"I don’t belong here.† Lucy cried. â€Å"What is my purpose?† A few months earlier, Lucy is a very gifted girl. She has red rough hair, light blue eyes, and a big beautiful smile. Lucy is always sent from home to home because her parents died in a car crash when she was 5. She’s always getting bullied for how she dresses. Lucy has one thing to keep her calm, and that is art. Lucy loves art. She feels that it helps her express her emotions. The only person she can go to is Mrs.Ronald (the art teacher)Read MorePersuasive Speech Essays1052 Words   |  5 PagesPersuasive Speech Introduction a. Attention Getter : When people ask me why I joined the military I think of all the reason that I did it for, but I think Toby Keith sums it up the best : â€Å" cause freedom don’t come free.† b. Topic : Freedoms come with a great cost but yet we still do not care for our veterans well enough c. Preview: Today I will tell you how veterans suffer from Post traumatic stress disorder or PTSD and cant get help, how veterans are homeless and why they areRead MorePersuasive Speech Essay875 Words   |  4 PagesPERSUASIVE SPEECH GENERAL PURPOSE: To persuade the audience that pit bulls are nice loving dogs. SPECIFIC PURPOSE: To persuade the audience that pit bulls are not naturally dangerous. CENTRAL IDEA: Pit bulls are just like any other dog. It depends on how a pit bull or any other breed of dog is nurtured to determine the characteristics of the dog. Pit bulls are very loving and obedient INTRODUCTION I. Do you have a dog? Does anyone have a pit bull? Well I happy to say that IRead MorePersuasive Speech Essay873 Words   |  4 PagesBruno Chavez Persuasive Speech General Purpose: To Persuade Specific Purpose: To persuade people to support David Beckham’s soccer team in Miami Central Idea: Miami is a city where soccer has a lot to grow and will impact Miami. INTRODUCTION GAIN ATTENTION: Identify the problem Attention-Getter: Soccer is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries, making it the worlds number one sport. . Preview: To persuade my audience to support soccer in Miami. Relevance: It is importanceRead MorePersuasive Speech Essay870 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"beautiful,† â€Å"pretty,† â€Å"beat.† To be honest with you, these words still make me feel weird every now and then, but they help me heal. They work because they come from the kindness of others. Transition: By this time, you probably figure the topic of my speech. It is kindness. I believe kindness is such a simple quality which sharps a leader and what the world needs know. C. Thesis: Kindness is important because it makes the world become healthier and guides a leader how to take action in this world.Read MorePersuasive Speech Essay904 Words   |  4 PagesAt the young age of 11 years old the world is still a very scary place, but learning to go outside of your comfort zone will be the key to success. Overcoming your fears and living for yourself rather than trying to please everyone else will have a very positive effect in the end. You’ll think that life is great at the time because all of your friends are in your class and you all will be able to convince Mrs. Wadkins to let you sit at the same table. Every day after school a group of you will rideRead MorePersuasive Speech Essay1515 Words   |  7 PagesAs the man open the door, the princess yelled, â€Å"Stop!†. This made the audience turn away from her lover and to the princess, who stood up from her throne. Her father, the semi-barbaric king was stunted. His daughter had never int errupted the trials that he has held before. Nor had she disobey him since she was a child. He couldn’t understand why she would yell stop in the middle of the trial. Although, the man that was held for trial is her lover and they were in love for many months now. The kingRead MorePersuasive Speech Essay1493 Words   |  6 PagesPersuasive Speech Outline I. Introduction A. Topic: Texting and driving is dangerous, weather it has affected you or not. B. Hook: Did you know that texting while driving is now one of the most popular distractions that take a driver’s eyes off the road? C. Link to audience: Imagine that someone in your family, your mom, dad, or sibling were to be killed by a driver who was sending a text message. Was that text worth losing someone you love? D. Thesis statement: Today I will persuade you into

Discuss Marxist’ Theory of Alienation Free Essays

OUTLINE AND ASSESS MARX’S CONCEPT OF ALIENATION When considering the concept of sociology and its definition, one immediately thinks of trying to understand the world in which we live. However, for Karl Marx we should not only understand the world, but also seek to actively change it (Macintosh, 1997). The concept of alienation differs in terms of its sociological meaning in relation to that of the psychological definition and has been used to describe many other phenomena’s over the last four centuries. We will write a custom essay sample on Discuss Marxist’ Theory of Alienation or any similar topic only for you Order Now The aim of this essay is to assess the concept of alienation according to Karl Marx and explore his theory relating to four differing perspectives assigned to this, whilst also researching its historical roots and any relevance in today’s society. The concept of alienation in relation to sociology was developed by Karl Marx (1818-1883), a German philosopher, political economist, revolutionary and the founding father of Communism. His ideas for this theory originated in the writings of Feuerbach, who along with George W. F Hegel, were major influences on Marx. However, unlike Feuerbach, who believed that religion had a negative impact on human experience and that man was alienated from god, Marx considered man to be alienated from man in a social context. Indeed, Marx criticised Feuerbach’s work entitled ‘The Essence of Christianity’, which was published in 1841 for not developing the concept of alienation further by linking it to economic production strategies. In it, Feuerbach insists that visions of god being similar to their own image allow for them to alienate themselves from this fictionally created character. Therefore, issues regarding low self esteem and other social or personal problems can be diluted by visiting places of worship. He insists that guidance, leadership and solace can be found within the church. Indeed, Feuerbach argued that the church was used by the government as state apparatus to control society (Hughes et al, 1995 pp. 29-30). Marx took these points onboard and rather than relate them to religion, embraced it to include the notion that alienation was an objective condition associated with the social and economic attributes of capitalism, thus leading to alienated labour. For Hegel, human thoughts were continuously developing and advancing throughout history, thus providing a more knowledge and rational understanding of society (Hughes et al, 1995, pp. 25-26). Unlike, Marx, who states materialism and economic power, shapes our thinking, Hegel insists it is the other way round and that mind shapes matter. In other words, our knowledge shapes the need and inventiveness needed to shape future materials. Historically, according to Hegel, by exploring previous economic processes, then the material base on which societies, institutions and ideas are built are in evidence due to rational logic and natural progression. Marx however, disagrees with this theory. He believes that such abstract ideas did not exist and therefore provided limited explanations relating to the social world. The true nature of human experience therefore and life were totally under emphasised. His theory of historical materialism was constructed further in future writings. ‘The first historical act is . . . the production of material life itself. This is indeed a historical act, a fundamental condition of all of history’ (Marx Engels, 1976). His many writings, which spanned four decades, underpin what has become known as Marxist theory and are used to develop our understanding of many areas relating to social life (Abercrombie et al, 2000). However, Marxist theory is primarily based around the class conflict of the bourgeoisie, i. . ruling class who own the mode of production and the exploitation of the proletariat, i. e. working class who are forced into selling their labour. The 3 stages relating to the industrial revolution have led to his alienation theory being supported by many sociologists. First came the agricultural revolution (1700-1800), followed by the industrial revolution (1800-1950). The final stage of these phenomena was the service revolution from the 1950s to the present day. Economic and surplus values are at the heart of Marxist theory. For Marx, alienation is an objective condition associated with the social and economic attributes of capitalism and results in alienated labour. The main use of Marx’s theory relating to this concept is in relation to the form of labour in any given capitalist society. However, he also talks of ‘alienation’ in the sphere of social and economic relations (Turner, 1999) Marx argues that humans are denied their basic natural essence, and as such was only realised in their labour. This allowed for a creative activity which was carried out in unison with others. Marx was of the opinion that people transformed a world outside themselves. Now the processes relating to production were one of ‘objectification’. By this he means that man now produces material objects that embody human creativity, yet leaves them feeling detached and separated from the creator. Once the product is objectified, man no longer recognises himself in the product and autonomous manufacturing techniques leave him feeling alienated. Within capitalist societies Marx identified four levels of separation resulting in the concept of alienation. 1) Within a capitalist society the worker has no control over the fate of their production, therefore alienating them from the results of their labour. Although having been involved actively in the production of such commodities the worker is left feeling subdued, unattached and emotionally removed from the end product. This is now controlled by others, and as increased production multiplies, so does the division and separ ation of the labour process. (2) The worker is alienated from the act of production. For Marx, no individual satisfaction is achieved as the worker’s own creativity is alienated from production. Furthermore, external constraints forced upon the worker removes any attachment from the’ fruits of their labour’ and in doing so, the product ceases to be an end in itself with work becoming merely a commodity. To the worker, the saleability of the product is their only concern. (3) The worker is alienated from their ‘specific being’ or human nature. Marx states that the individual’s human qualities are deprived. This is due to the first two levels of alienation, as outlined above, reducing the workers creative production activities and thus removing themselves from their natural self being and converting them into social animals. 4) The worker is separated from other humans. The emergence of capitalism has transformed human social relations into market relations. According to Marx, people are now judged, not be their human qualities and attributes but rather by their position within the market (Giddens, 1970). For example the separation of labour i s also the separation of man from man in relation to class conflict and competition and also lends theory to their alienation of the products of their labour. Capital itself can also be seen as a source of alienation because its accumulation generates its own needs which reduce people to the level of commodities (Haralambos, 1998). The above four levels of separation and alienation of man is intrinsically linked and can be used to identify phenomena in regards to any society. Many pro-capitalist economists agree with Marx’s theory that all humans are treated as commodities that can be rented and that everything can be traded for monies. For Marx, this ensures that the gap between rich and poor widens, with both lasses pushing in opposite direction. However, he attacks other economists’ interpretations of the causes of capitalism and believes that they do not distinguish between both capitalists and the workers. Marx argues that competition is seen as an enforcement mechanism of the capitalist’s mode of production (Reiss, 1997). According to Marx, as all aspects of feudalism are connected, then so too are all aspects re lating to capitalism. He is quoted as saying, ’’the worker becomes the poorer the more wealth he produces’’ (Marx, 1976). In other words, as the worker increases production, this only enriches their bosses whilst they still remain poor. Capitalist economists however, view each aspect of feudalism as an accidental corruption in relation to capitalism. Marx also explores the historical development of alienation and its intrinsic link to the division of labour. As society changes and tribes and villages continue to expand, so too does the division of labour (Rius, 1996). For society to survive trade and exchange must occur. This leads to more growth in exchangeable goods which in turn leads to an upsurge in use-value and exchange-value commodities. When considering use-value, this relates to how in demand a commodity may be of use to the individual. However, exchange-value relates to what commodities can be traded for other objects. For Marx, commodity fetishism has attributed to the alienation of man from the fruits of their labour (cowling, 1989). There are many examples of alienation in today’s society. The term Fordism originates from Henry Ford and the techniques he initiated to instil mass production. Indeed, his ideas and practices are still dominant in today’s society and are at the forefront of all technological mass production facilities and businesses. To enable production on such a large scale, Ford redesigned the whole manufacturing capabilities of his workforce. Unlike industrialists of the nineteenth century where skilled labour and handmade crafts were a necessity in the making of goods, Ford recognised an ability to mass produce by giving individuals a particular task in relation to their labour duties. This would be made possible by re-designing all machines to carry out one specific purpose, rather than numerous functions (Watson, 2003). As such, there was now no need for skilled persons in which to operate machines. Individuals were now taught how to use particular machines which they would now carry out monotonously for the rest of their employment. This de-skilling technique ensured minimum waste and maximum output as the machine only had one way in which to operate. Ford realised that once you standardise the design of the car, you can standardise the whole production system. Thus, with the standardisation of machinery producing standardised parts, it now allowed for mass reproduction as all parts are identical therefore interchangeable. Although production of Fords automobiles had increased rapidly, the initiation of Frederick Winslow Taylor’s (1856-1915) scientific management system would ensure mass production on an even larger scale. Taylor was the man who introduced ‘time and motion’ studies to the workplace. He carried out an experiment on a pig iron gang at work. By observing their working habits, Taylor was able to redesign their work pattern. Like Ford, his task was to break a job down into standardised parts. He initially listed a set of rules to which the workers must comply to and then instructed them when to start, walk, lift and stop. Once the experiment was complete Taylor found that their productive output had increased by 400%. Taylor’s results would now allow for managers to command instructions to staff who would carry out tasks they specifically assigned to. This would undoubtedly lead to a separation of labour and also man’s alienation from man, as people who had previously worked side by side where now given specific tasks (Hughes et al, 1995). Ford would eventually instil Taylor’s scientific management technique into his workplace to generate even more productivity. To do this Ford introduced the assembly line. Before this point, many of his employees worked unsupervised and at their own pace. However, with the emergence of assembly lines, workers now had to work in unison with the speed of the production line, and not that of the individual. This technique has greatly enhanced fords production levels and as such, Fords’ automobile plant in River Rouge USA, is now the largest in the world. By the 1990s over 10,000 people were employed there and over 90,000 cars and trucks were being produced each year (Watson, 2003). . Other examples which support Marx’s theory on alienation include multi-national companies such as McDonalds and Burger King, who epitomise our need for fast food productivity and back up his argument of commodity fetishism. Regardless of which outlet of McDonalds visited, the consumer will receive identical foodstuff and levels of service due to the standardisation of the product (Huczynski, 1991). Also, such companies are immediately recognisable due their uniforms and company logo. Mass reproduction is applied to give the consumer a standardised food source which consists of various items such as burger, bun, relish and tomato. A time scale is also in place and many of the products on offer are controlled by a timer which goes off when certain items such as French fries and burgers are deemed ready. The main objective is to get the product to the consumer as quickly as possible with the minimum fuss. This is made possible by the way each McDonalds’ outlet is designed. By using both Fordism and Taylorist techniques workers can produce vast amounts of food that can then be passed onto the consumer within seconds. Marx’s concept of alienation is evident here as there is no need for skilled workers such as cooks and chefs to be employed due to the nature and resulting end product of such businesses (Huczynski, 1991). A critique of Marxist theory would be to suggest that if alienation is produced and enacted by humans, then surely they also have the ability to change and reverse it. It is also contradictory as individuals opinions of alienation differ in relation to each person’s objective situation and consciousness. Although it cannot be denied that workers within capitalist societies do contribute to the common wealth as stated by Marx, the emergence of flexi-time, paid holidays and overtime empowers the worker and enables them to generate extra sums of money for themselves (Watson, 2003). Also, working for someone else may perhaps lessen the burden experienced by others, such as those who own small businesses. It is easy to engage Marx’s suggestion that workers lack rights, and there is much evidence to support this with the emergence of sweatshops and low paid immigrant workers (Rattansi, 1982). However, trade unions play a significant part in readdressing these issues by way of fair representation. Many jobs available to the masses today, do in fact, alienate workers and help establish capitalist theories, but humans have the freedom to change jobs or start their own businesses and trade unions are also in place to protect and represent employees (Giddens, 1971) His ideologies can also be construed as outdated as most of his concepts and terminologies are from over 100 years ago. Man may have been separated by man in relation to labour over centuries, but although this may be true in some aspects, technology and working conditions have rapidly improved over the same period. We also have the ability to influence each other rather than work in isolation. It appears that his concepts of alienation, although significant in his earlier political works and in lending credibility to research at that particular time, are rarely given a second thought in his later writings. For this reason it could be argued that Marx no longer held the opinion that the alienation of man and the collapse of capitalism was a foregone conclusion. BIBLIOGRAPHY Abercrombie, N. Hill, S and Turner, B. (2000) Dictionary of Sociology Penguin Book Cowling, M Wilde, L. (1989) Approaches to Marx, Open University Press Giddens, A. (1971) Capitalism and Modern Social Theory, C. U. P. Giddens, A. (1970) Marx, Weber and the development of capitalism Haralambos, M. (1986) Sociology – a new approach, Causeway Press Ltd Huczynski, A. Buchanan, D. (1991) Organizational Behaviour, Prentice Hall Hughes, J. A. , Martin, P. J. , Sharrock, W. W. (1995) Understanding Classical Sociology, London: Sage Macintosh, I. (1997) Classical Sociological Theory. Edinburgh University Press Marx, K. , Engels, F. (1976 [1845-46]) the German Ideology, Part 1 London: Lawrence Wishart. Rius, E. (1996) Introducing Marx, Icon Books Turner B, (1999). Classical sociology. 1st ed. Uk: Sage. Watson, Tony J. (2003) Sociology, Work and Industry Routledge How to cite Discuss Marxist’ Theory of Alienation, Essay examples

Succession Law Essay Sample free essay sample

When person dies. one or several individuals have to take charge of his rights and duties. the province of a dead person comprises non merely all sorts of belongings and rights owned by him. but besides his debts and duties. The succesion jurisprudence determines the fate of all belongingss and ancestral dealingss of the dead person. whether active or inactive. The succesion can take topographic point by virtuousness of an express assignment. The sequence can be cosmopolitan ( all the rights and duties and the inheritor is the cosmopolitan replacement ) or remarkable ( merely succeeds to the rights of the dead person ina individual right. They are called legaletees. ) THE Heir: is the cosmopolitan replacement to the full rights and duties of the dead person which are capable to be transmitted. The inheritor can be appointed by the dead person or by the jurisprudence. Here we note that the Spanish jurisprudence admits the possibility to name in testament a individual who shall have the heritage when the appointed inheritor dies. We will write a custom essay sample on Succession Law Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When there are several inheritors to the dead person. they shall inherit as co-heirs and each of them becomes an undivided proprietor of the effects of the sequence for the portion or part coming to him. Credence of the heritage: but the inheritor merely acquires his place as such from the minute he accepts the heritage. When the individual called to the heritage accepts it. he acquires the right from the decease of the dead person. The credence of the heritage is non merely retroactive but besides pure. indivisible and irrevokable. The chief consequence of the credence of the heritage is the acquisition thereof and the premise of the place as inheritor of the dead person. The benefit of the stock list: in order to restrict this liability. the inheritor has the possibility to inquire for the enjoyment of the â€Å"benefit of inventory† . If the inheritor gets the benefit of stock list he shall be apt for the charges of the sequence merely to the value of the effects of the heritage. In this instance. his ain patrimony shall non be affected by the debts. bequests and charges of the sequence. The inheritor who wishes to bask the benefit of stock list has to do a formal statement in this respect before a Notary Public. The term to inquire for the benefit of stock list varies depending on if the inheritor has the assets of the heritage in his ownership or non. He shall do the petition for the benefit of stock list or for deliberation within 10 yearss from the twenty-four hours on which he has had cognition of his status. TESTAMENTARY OR VOLUNTARY SUCCESSION: THE WILL. THE LEGITIME: The Civil Law grants everybody the possibility to set up who shall inherit and the manner in which he wants to be suceeded. When person voluntarily decides his sequence we talk about testamentary or voluntary sequence. -Testament or will: A te stament is a one-sided act because merely the testate makes the temperament of his patrimony. A testament is besides a personal act. in the sense that merely one individual dispose of his assets by testament and that ist formation can non be entrusted to 3rd parties. However. this does non forestall the possibility to intrust to a 3rd party the distribution of the amounts that the testate leaves in general to determined groups ( charities. to the poor†¦ ) Testaments are besides formal Acts of the Apostless. Testaments shall merely be valid if executed in the signifier required by jurisprudence. . capacity to testate: anybody can testate unless expresly prohibited by jurisprudence: bush leagues under 14 old ages can non do a valid testament and individuals for good or by chance out of their rights heads do non hold capacity to testate. A individual incapacitated can do testament if the determination declaring his incapacitation does non incorporate a statement about his capacity to testate. . sorts of testaments: the Civil Code differentiates between common and particular testaments depending on if they are made in normal or particular fortunes. Common or ordinary testaments have general demands of signifier and can be used by anybody holding sufficient capacity to testate. Particular testaments have more or less formal demands depending on the instance and can merely be used by individuals under particular fortunes. They can be olographic or closed: olographic testaments are those wholly written dated. and signed in the handwritting of the testate. They can be executed by individuals of legal age. The individual with whom such a testament has been deposited has to show it to the Judge every bit shortly as he knows of the decease of the testate. The Judge shall open the olograpih testament. subscribe all ist pages and verify the individuality of the testate. Open testaments are those authorised in forepart of a Notary Public. The Notary has to attest that he knows the testate or has duly identified him. and that he believes that the testate has sufficient capacity to testate. The testate has the right to read the will himsel f. In any event. the Notary shall read it out loud so that the testate can declare it if conforms to his will. If the unfastened testament is declared null because the formalities established for the executing are non followed. The Notary shall be apt for amendss in instance the mistake arises from his maliciousness or ignorance. A close testament has to be composing. it shall be signed by the testate at the terminal and if its written by a mechanical mean the testate shall subscribe all pages. The testament shall so be introduced in an envelope. which shall be closed and sealed. and giving to a Notary Public. . The executors: in the testament. the testate may to name one or several executors that shall transport out the waies and petitions of the will. The testate may name one or more executors. Successively means that one individual should be the executor in instance a anterior individual is non. because he did non accept or did non hold the necessary capacity. The executor who does non accept the officer or renounces without justified cause. shall lose what the testate might hold left to him unless he had a right to legitime. Finally we have to observe that the executor?s office is impermanent. and the jurisprudence established clip bound for the executors to transport out their occupation. THE LEGITIME: The jurisprudence established who should have portion of the heritage. and the testate is forced to follow such regulations. It?s the part of the assets which the testate can non dispose of because they are reserved by the jurisprudence for the legitime inheritor. Article 807 CC provides who are the legitimate inheritors for Spanish Civil jurisprudence: kids and posterities with regard to their parents and ascendents. parents and ascendents with regard to their kids ans posterities and the widowman or the widow in the mode and extent established in the Civil Code. . Legitime of kids and posterities: consist on two tierces of the assets of the heritage. Of those two tierces. one tierce has to be every bit distributed among the kids or posterities ( short legitime ) . The other Third. the testate can give to any of his kids or posterities. . Legitime of parents and ascendents: if the parents or ascendents are the lone 1s with a right to legitime. their legitime part shall be of one half of the assets of the heritage. . Legitime of the widowed partner: ever consist of a usufruct. If the widowed partner is merely 1 with a right of legitime because there are non posterities. nor ascendents. he shall hold the right to the usufruct of two tierces of the heritage. The Code is non generous with the widowed partner and the parts to which a usufruct is granted to them are rather little. Legal SUCCESSION OR SUCCESSION AB INTESTATO: A individual dies intestate when he dies without doing a will. without validly go forthing something to attest his wants with regard to the disposal of his province after his dead. Legal instances in which takes topographic point are: when there is no will. when the will does non include all the assets of the dead person. when the inheritor is incapable to inherit and when the inheritor dies before the testate. When the dead person has non appointed an inheritor. the jurisprudence presumes who would hold be appointed. for it is understood that the generalization of individuals would wish their close relations to succed them. On the firts manus the propinquity of the household relationship is determined by the figure of coevalss. Each coevals constitutes one grade. The series of grades form a line. which might be direct or collateral. A direct line is constituted by series of grades of individuals falling one from the other. A indirect line is constituted by the series of grades betwe en individuals who do non fall one from another but who come from â€Å"common trunk† . Order of the legal sequences: posterities ( it is presumed that anybody deceasing without testament would wish his kids to inherit foremost. For illustration: if the dead person had two kids they shall have half of the province each. If the dead person had any kids who died before him and those kids had posterities in their bend. these latter shall take their topographic point. These means that in instance of grandchildren and other posterities. the estate shall be divided â€Å"per stirpes† . each group of brothers having what would hold corresponded to their dead male parent. Ascendants: If the dead person have non kids or posterities. he shall be inherited by his ascendents. The male parent and the female parent shall inherited in equal portions and if merely one of the parents is alive. he shall inherit everything. If the parents of the dead person are non alive. the nearest ascendents in degree shall inherit Spouse: Missing posterities or ascendents their heritage shall travel to the partner of the de ad person unless they were judicially or the facto separated. Collaterals: if there are non posterities. ascendents or partner. their boies shall inherit with penchant to other collaterals. The State: if there are non descendants. ascendents. partner or collateral relatives up to the 4th grade. it shall be for the State to inherit.

Cemetery Research for Family History and Genealogy

Cemetery Research for Family History and Genealogy The practice of marking the final resting place of a loved one goes back thousands of years. The ancient pyramids are conceivably the greatest example, standing today as a reminder of the ancient Egyptian glorification of life after death. Roman catacombs, a subterranean burial place for early Christians, contained niches where the fully clothed bodies were placed and which were then sealed with a slab inscribed with the name of the deceased, date of death and a religious symbol. Many of the elaborate grave markers erected in the 19th and early 20th centuries were styled after the memorials of the ancient Greek, Roman and Egyptian civilizations. Following the first World War, grave markers started to become smaller and less elaborate - plain crosses and simple, upright stone slabs decorated with carvings, symbols and epitaphs. Cemeteries are living lessons in history. People who buried their dead said much about themselves and the ones who had died. While not considered a primary information source, gravestones are an excellent source of dates, birthplaces, maiden names, spouses names and parents names. They can also provide evidence of military service, membership in a fraternal organization and religious affiliations. Why Visit Cemeteries? Why should you visit the cemetery if you already have a birth and death date for your ancestor? Because you never know what you may find. Nearby gravestones can lead you to other family members. Little grave markers can tell the story of children who died in infancy for whom no other records exist. Flowers left on a grave may lead you to living descendants. Other than a few records and documents and, perhaps, some family jewelry or heirlooms, your ancestors tombstone is the only physical evidence of the life they lived. There is nothing in your genealogical research that will connect you to your ancestor more than to stand in the one place on earth which contains their mortal remains and to see important pieces of their life carved into stone. It is an amazing, awe-inspiring experience. Next How to Locate a Cemetery The first step in cemetery research is the obvious one- to learn where your ancestor is buried. Death records will often contain this information, as will obituaries. Published cemetery surveys may list your ancestors. Check with family members and other relatives as well. They will often know of family burial locations or may be able to track down a mention on a mass or prayer card or in the family Bible. Funeral Home Religious Records Funeral homes and morticians can be great allies in helping you to locate cemetery records. Funeral home records may still exist which can contain a wealth of information, including the burial location. Funeral directors will have knowledge of most cemeteries in their area, and may also be able to point you to family members. If a funeral home is no longer in business, then check with other area funeral homes as they may know where the old records are located. If you know your ancestors religious affiliation you may want to try contacting the church in the area where your ancestor lived. Churches often maintain attached cemeteries and also keep records for their members who are buried elsewhere. Turn to the Locals The local genealogical or family history society is a good source for information on local cemeteries. These groups are continually working to preserve valuable cemetery information and may have compiled cemetery indexes or be able to provide clues to little known burial locations, especially family cemeteries. Old local histories can also prove useful in identifying former names and locations for cemeteries which have been moved. Cemeteries Online The Internet is fast becoming a valuable source for cemetery records as well. Many cemetery sites such as FindAGrave and BillionGraves, have online cemetery records, photos, or transcriptions, or use your favorite search engine to search for a specific cemetery. Special geographic place name search engines can also help to locate a cemetery, though the information available on the Internet varies widely by country. The U.S. Geographic Names Information Server, for example, allows you to narrow down your search by selecting cemetery as the feature type. Map Your Way to the Cemetery If you have narrowed down the area, but arent sure which cemetery may contain your ancestor, then maps, especially historical maps, can be of great assistance. Use land, tax or census records to help you pinpoint your ancestors land on a map. You will often find them buried in a nearby cemetery, or even in a family cemetery on their own property. Topographic maps or locality maps may show cemeteries, roads, houses and farms. Even little details such as elevation features can be useful as cemeteries were often erected on high ground. Next What to Take When You Visit the Cemetery When heading out to the cemetery for some tombstone research, a little advance planning can really help to make your visit a success. Best Time to Visit the Cemetery The best time to visit a cemetery is in the spring or fall - especially if it is one which is neglected and overgrown. Brush and grass will not be as high in the spring, which will help you to discern holes, rocks, snakes and other obstacles before you trip over them. Sometimes the season can have an impact on whether you even find the cemetery at all. I have located several family cemeteries in the southeastern U.S. which are situated in the middle of cornfields. Needless to say, it is nearly impossible to find such cemeteries when the corn is taller than you are! What to Bring to the Cemetery The well-dressed cemetery researcher wears long pants, a long-sleeved shirt, sturdy shoes and gloves to help ward off critters such as snakes, gnats, ticks and mosquitoes. If the cemetery is in a wooded or rural location you may also want to bring along a hoe to help cut down brush and a friend or fellow researcher for safety. Even if it is broiling hot when you visit the cemetery, the long pants and sturdy, comfortable shoes are a good idea.   Clues Beyond the Tombstones Whether the cemetery is public or private, you should do a search for existing records. Most commonly known as sextons records (a sexton is a caretaker responsible for the cemetery), these records can include burial registers, plat maps and plot records. These records will vary greatly by country and time period and may not exist, but never assume! A sign outside of the cemetery may be able to point you to its caretaker. Turn to the local phone book to contact area funeral directors or churches. Check with the area library or historical/genealogical society for tips on possible record locations. You may be surprised by what you can find. One last thing - before you visit a private cemetery, be sure to get permission from the land owner!   Plan Ahead for a Successful Cemetery Visit Dress appropriatelyBring paper, several pencils, a camera and plenty of filmConsider bringing optional items such as a digital camera, video camera, tape recorder or handheld computer.Extra batteries for anything that may need them!If you plan to do any tombstone rubbings, then be sure to bring the appropriate suppliesWater, rags and a soft nylon bristle brush for cleaning stones, plus clippers for clearing away grass and brushIf you are looking for unmarked cemeteries, you may want to bring a map so that you can mark their locations as you locate them Next Stories in Stone The highlight of any trip to the cemetery is reading the stones. Once you have taken that irresistible quick peek for your ancestors headstone, however, you should stop and plan out your route around the cemetery. Methodical might be boring, but it greatly decreases your chances of missing something important when youre searching a cemetery for clues. If the cemetery is not too large, and you have enough time, it can be very helpful to make a complete transcription of the cemetery. Even if you only make note of the names and dates on each tombstone, along with their location in the cemetery, this can save you a trip back in the future as well as help other researchers. There is a lot of information and advice available on the proper methods for transcribing tombstones. While these can serve as great reference guides, there is really no need to worry about formality. The important thing is to make a note of everything that you see. Make Your Visit Count Write down names, dates and inscriptions exactly as they appear on the stone. It is very easy to make assumptions in the excitement of the moment, and it will be very beneficial to have an accurate record as you move forward (or backward as the case may be) with your research. Be sure to sketch any symbols that you are unfamiliar with so that you can look them up later. These symbols or emblems may be valuable clues to membership in an organization which may have records about your ancestor. Make a note of the physical relationship between tombstones as well. Family members will often be buried together in the same plot. Nearby graves may belong to parents. Small unmarked stones may indicate children that died in their infancy. Neighbors and relatives may also be buried in adjoining sections. As you make your way around, be sure not to miss the back of the stones as they can also contain important information. Another good way to record cemetery information is to use a cassette recorder or video camera as you move around the cemetery. You can read off names, dates and inscriptions easily and make note of important information, such as when you start a new row. It also provides you with a backup for any written transcriptions that you have made. Pictures are worth a thousand words and are much better for tombstones than chalk or shaving cream. Use hand-held clippers to clear brush away from the stone and then use a nylon (never wire) bristle brush and plain water to clean the stone from bottom to top, rinsing well as you go. A bright sunny day and a mirror to help reflect the sunlight on the stone can really help to bring out the carvings.More: Tips for Taking Great Tombstone Photos Most important for your cemetery visit is to enjoy yourself! Visiting cemeteries is one of the most rewarding parts of genealogy research, so stop and take the time to commune with your ancestors.

Transition Questions on ACT English Strategies and Practice

Transition Questions on ACT English Strategies and Practice SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Transitions are one of the most common and trickiest rhetorical topics tested on the ACT English section. However, there are a couple simple rules that can make answering these questions much easier. In this post, I'll cover everything you need to know to approach all three types of transition question: Types of transitional relationships Transitions between sentences Transitions between clauses Transitions between paragraphs Key strategies for transitions on ACT English questions Feature image credit: Justin Kern, via Flickr, under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 3 Types of Transitions The ACT covers three basic transitional relationships: addition, contrast, and causation. Understanding how these relationships work will be very helpful for the test. Addition: Words like "also" and "moreover" that indicate continuation of or elaboration on a thought. Contrast: Words like "however" and "still" that introduce a conflicting point or idea. Causation: Words like "so" and "because" that indicate a causal relationship. Let's look at some examples in context: Addition: Dorian Gray couldn't be killed. In addition, he never aged. Contrast: Vanessa knew Ethan was a werewolf. However, she was unconcerned. Causation: Frankenstein's monster threatened to hurt him if he didn't build the monster a mate, so Frankenstein did as he was told. Keep in mind that not every transition falls into one of these categories. They're more what you'd call guidelines, than actual rules. Nonetheless, thinking about transitions in these terms can help you pick out the right answer on ACT English questions, as you'll see below. Transitions Between Sentences The most common type of transition question on the ACT deals with picking the correct transition word to place between two sentences. For example: Malcom and Sam were best friends. Even so, they spent every moment of the day together. Something about this transition doesn't quite make sense. "Even so" is a contrast transition, but these to sentences aren't opposed to each other: if Malcom and Sam are best friends, it makes perfect sense that they would spend every day together. Instead it would make more sense to use a causation transition, or even drop the transition word completely: Malcom and Sam were best friends. As such, they spent every moment of the day together. Malcom and Sam were best friends. They spent every moment of the day together. We're going to cover a step-by-step approach, key transition words, and some helpful ACT English tips for questions about connecting sentences. Step-by-Step Approach Let's got through how to approach sentence transition questions step-by-step: #1: Cross out the underlined word. Always start by crossing out the word that’s there. Otherwise, if it's not obviously wrong, you may be biased in favor of the original phrasing. #2: Read to the end of the sentence. You should be doing this on every question, but it's especially important here to make sure you understand how the two sentences are related to each other. #3: Does anything seem obviously necessary/correct? Sometimes you'll read the two sentences and immediately recognize what word you would use- that specific transition may not be a choice, but you can look for synonyms. #4: What type of relationship is it? Addition, contrast, or causation? If you're not sure, it can be helpful to think about whether you would connect the sentences with and (addition), but (contrast), or so/because (contrast). #5: Narrow down your choices. Once you have a sense of what you're looking for, rule out any answers that don't make sense or that aren't grammatical. #6: Plug answer into sentence to check. When you think you have the answer, plug it into the sentence and make sure the transition is logical. We'll walk through this process with an example shortly, but first let's go over some key words and strategies that you need to know. Key Words Transitions between sentences are generally conjunctive adverbs, like "however" and "furthermore," or prepositional phrases, like "for example" and "on the other hand." You can see the most common ones below, sorted by type. Introducing Sentences Addition Contrast Causation Also However Thus Moreover On the other hand As such In fact Nonetheless Therefore Furthermore Nevertheless Consequently In addition Still As a result Similarly Instead Indeed Despite this In conclusion Meanwhile In other words Finally Next Likewise Then For example As I mentioned above, not every question will involve these types of transitions. Occasionally, you'll see other phrases or adverbs, like "in general" or unfortunately," or constructions that are specific to the context. You may also see options that are grammatically incorrect. These will generally be coordinating or subordinating conjunctions (see the chart below for examples), which can't be used immediately before a comma to introduce a complete sentence. Helpful Tips Beyond the basic concepts we've discussed, there are some ACT English-specific tips that can really help you approach transition questions. If two choices are synonyms, neither is correct. If two of the words mean the same thing (they must be synonyms, not just belong to the same category), there's no way to choose between them, so neither can be correct. When you see two choices that are synonyms, rule them both out. If one of the choices omits the transition word altogether, that's usually the correct answer. Always check any answer that leaves the transition word out first- if the paragraph works without it, that's the right answer. Transition words don't necessarily come at the beginning of the sentence. Sometimes, for example, you'll see them moved into a sentence like this one. keep in mind that they must be surrounded by commas and can't be used to connect two independent clauses without a period or semicolon. Don't panic if the three categories don't apply. Not every question deals with transitions that fit into the categories outlined above. Simply use the rest of the strategy (thinking about how the two sentences are related, narrowing down choices that don't make sense, and then plugging in the answer you think is right to check) to pick out the best answer. Watch out for questions that ask for the LEAST acceptable option. Make sure to use process of elimination to rule out any answer that does work. Real ACT Practice Question We've covered a lot of material on transitions- let's put it into practice on a real ACT question. This example is a case where the transition has been shifted into the sentence, but we'll approach it in the same way. The first step is to look at the two sentences without the transition: Snowflakes form from tiny water droplets, following a specific process of chemical bonding as they freeze, which results in a six-sided figure. The rare "triangular" snowflake confounded scientists for years because it apparently defied the basic laws of chemistry. Does an obvious transition jump out at you? Not really. On to the next question! How are these sentences related to each other? The first sentence describes how snowflakes are formed. The second brings up a seeming exception to that rule. This relationship is contrasting. Rule out answers that don't work. "Additionally" and "similarly" are too similar to choose between, so both must be wrong. "For example" doesn't make sense, since the second sentence is actually about an exception to the rule laid out in the first, not an example of it. Plug in the remaining choice. We have only "however," which is a contrast transition, left. Let's try it out in context: Snowflakes form from tiny water droplets, following a specific process of chemical bonding as they freeze, which results in a six-sided figure. The rare "triangular" snowflake, however, confounded scientists for years because it apparently defied the basic laws of chemistry. That transition makes sense, so J must be the correct answer. Image credit: Arjan Almekinders, via Flickr, under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 Transitions Between Clauses Questions dealing with transitions between clauses are very similar to those about transitions between sentences, so you can use the same approach. However, these questions involve a different set of transition words: coordinating and subordinating conjunctions. Connecting Clauses Addition Contrast Causation And But So Yet Because Unless Since While As Though Such that Although Whereas Otherwise You may see questions that mix up the different types of transitions and attempt to use a conjunction for connecting clauses to introduce a sentence or a conjunctive adverb to connect two clauses- these answers will be incorrect. Issues with transitions between clauses may also be tested in conjunction with correctly connecting independent clauses, so watch out for punctuation as well. (For more details on connecting independent clauses, check out our post on run-ons and fragments.) Let's use the strategy above to answer a real ACT example that asks about transitions between clauses: First we have to look at the underlined word and answer choices and recognize that these subordinating conjunctions, so this a question about connecting clauses and not sentences. Next, let's cut out the current transition word and break the sentence into its two component clauses (I'm also going to eliminate the descriptor at the end for simplicity): There's not much chance that a seven-year-old just learning the game can hit a pitched baseball The umpire puts the ball on top of a stationary tee Does an obvious transition jump out at you? I would use "so" or "because" to connect these two ideas. How are these sentences related to each other? Those transitions jump out at me because the idea in the first clause (that a seven-year-old can't hit a pitched baseball) clearly leads to the solution in the second (putting the ball on a tee). This connection is a causal relationship. Rule out answers that don't work. Neither "while" nor "although" can work because they're interchangeable (and both contrast transitions). "Unless" doesn't make sense. Plug in the remaining choice. Process of elimination leaves only "since," which is a causation transition. Looking at the sentence as written, we can see that it makes sense, so A is the correct answer. Transitions Between Paragraphs The final type of transition question deals with transitions between paragraphs. Rather than asking about a specific word or phrase, these usually deal with full sentences and will be phrased similarly to the following examples: Given that all of the choices are true, which one would most effectively introduce the main idea of this paragraph? Which of the following sentences offers the best introduction to this paragraph? The exact phrasing may vary, but these types of questions always ask about "transition" or "introduction." Step-by-Step Approach Because it's impossible to predict the content of an entire paragraph, it's vital that you use process of elimination for questions that ask about transitions between paragraphs. Here's a step-by-step approach to help you narrow down your choices. #1:Pay attention to what the question is asking for. Though many of these questions simply ask for the sentence that provides the best transition or introduction, some may give a more specific. Make sure to read the question carefully and think about what it's asking. #2: Read into the paragraph at least a couple of sentences. Ideally, you'll read the whole paragraph before answering transition questions, but you absolutely must read at least one sentence after the first to get a sense of the context. #3: Keep in mind types of transitional relationships. Though most of these questions don't involve transition words, it can still be helpful to consider whether there's a clear contrasting or causal relationship. #4: Look for anything that needs to be introduced because it's referred back to later in the paragraph. In the subsequent sentences, look out for pronouns like this and these that reference ideas or nouns that need to be introduced in the first sentence. This will often be the best hint for the correct answer. #5: Narrow down the choices. Rule out answers that don’t make sense or don’t fit with the general tone of the passage. #6: Plug in the sentence you think works best. When you've eliminated three choices, read the last answer in context and check that it makes sense. Not all of these steps will apply to every question- the important thing is to think about these ideas as you work to rule out choices. Real ACT Practice Question Let's walk through how to approach a paragraph transition question from a real ACT. What is the question asking for? The best transition between the paragraphs. Read both paragraphs. The first paragraph describes Quezada's discovery of and interest in the ancient pots. The second paragraph details his attempts to recreate them. Is there anything referenced later in the paragraph that needs to be introduced? The sentence that currently opens the paragraph mentions "the clay" without really explaining which clay it's talking about. Narrow down choices. We can immediately rule out F, because it's about the town and not the pottery, which is the topic of these two paragraphs. G and J are both relevant to the topic of the ancient pottery, but neither makes sense as a transition. The patterns are initially described earlier in the passage, and Quezada's painting doesn't come up until later in the second paragraph. Plug in the remaining option. Let's look at the passage with H, the only remaining option, plugged in. Fascinated by geometric designs, Quezada wondered if he could make pots like these. Quezada began working with clay from the mountains. He dug the clay, soaked it, and tried to shape it into a pot. The underlined sentence makes sense as a transition, so H is the correct answer. Image credit: Carlos Bryant, via Flickr, under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 Summary of Key Strategies for Transitions on ACT English Though transition questions can vary pretty widely, you should always use process of elimination to narrow down the possibilities. I've rounded up the most important tips from the in depth discussion above. Consider the type of transitional relationship. Thinking about how the sentences or paragraphs are related to each other is key to understanding how best to transition between them. Read the question carefully. Any time there's a written out question, make sure you know what it's asking for- don't make assumptions. Similarly, make sure you always read enough of the passage to understand the context. Use multiple choice to your advantage: If two answers are synonyms, neither is correct. If one answer has no transition word, that’s usually the correct one. Plug in the answer you think is best to check. Always make sure that an answer makes in context. If nothing else, this technique will help keep you from picking answers that indicate the right type of transition, but don't fit into the sentence grammatically. What's Next Transitions are sometimes tested in conjunction with sentence structure and punctuation, so make sure you read our complete guide to commas and our post on other punctuation marks. If you're struggling with the rhetorical skills questions, take a look at our guides on redundancy and author technique. For more big picture strategies, be sure you know the best way to approach ACT English passages and the 5 critical concepts you need to ace the test. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this English lesson, you'll love our program. Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands of practice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Performance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Performance - Essay Example The changing demands of performance on employees in high- velocity companies, perceptions of equity in its three forms may become confused, as job roles and job interdependence become more varied and flexible. Since employees would expect that as their job changes, so will their compensations, designing compensation systems in high-velocity environments presents a major challenge to organisations. In high-velocity environments, a premium is placed on individuals who are able to operate in ambiguous circumstances and who are able to take advantage of loose job descriptions provided by their employers (Bratton and Gold, 2003). Organisations in high-velocity environments such as in the international marketplace are willing to pay proportionally higher salaries to individuals who have such skills. It is expected therefore, that emphasis on individually equitable compensations as a means of recruiting and retaining highly capable employees would be required (Beardwell, Holden and Claydon, 2004). Employee Compensation can be one of the greatest foundations of control available to a company in its quest

Discrimination Against Homosexuals in the Workplace Essay

Discrimination Against Homosexuals in the Workplace - Essay Example Outline The main argument of the paper concerns a mythic nature of federal acts, prohibiting discrimination against homosexuals in the workplace. On the one hand, the Acts of 1975 and 2000 are focused on homosexuals’ rights protection in the workplace, but in reality, a few companies have been acting in compliance with the principles propagated by these Acts. Moreover, a straight society is not ready to accept homosexuals to the fullest extent. Social norms, moral underpinnings and stereotypes have always caused a negative impact on homosexuals in different spheres of their activity. Introduction From the historical perspective, the world’s governments were not too much enthusiastic about hiring gays or lesbians. This group of people was restricted from their rights’ protection, the grounds for dismissal were also found in homosexuality and many other negative impacts were caused by homosexuality until 1975. After 1975 a gradual shift of legal policies protecting rights of homosexuals emerged. Further on this tendency was developed in the Acts of 2000 (Dipboye & Colella, 2005). Nevertheless, it is relevant for the government not only to introduce regulations against homosexuals’ discrimination in the workplace, but also implement them in practice. Legal aspects In 1975 the Sex Discrimination Act was approved. Nevertheless, there are many arguments concerning interpretation of this Act: â€Å"†¦the prohibition against discrimination on grounds of ‘sex’ does not include a prohibition against discrimination on grounds of ‘sexual orientation† (Estlund, 2003). Therefore, an intrusion in the sexual life of homosexuals has been practiced by the majority of the companies. A so-called lavender ceiling for homosexuals was invented in some companies. Courts have taken different paths in spite of adopted federal regulations: â€Å"Although the courts rejected immorality as grounds for dismissing gay employees, the ir deference to administrative expertise and administrators' reliance on a common sense standard meant that distaste for homosexuals bolstered national security concerns† (Estlund, 2003). Thus, it is necessary not only to implement Acts against discrimination in the workplace, not only â€Å"on the paper†, but also in practice. The government has to prevent discrimination against homosexuals in the workplace in accordance with the Directive on Equal Treatment in Employment and Occupation (27 November 2000). By December 2003 these legal regulations had to be implemented to the fullest extent. Unfortunately, many homosexuals come across oppressing policies in their workplaces. The courts are not much concerned about sexual discrimination in the workplace. Very often legal regulations and rules are not efficient in practice. There is an interesting quotation concerning legal regulations on homosexuals’ discrimination in the workplace: â€Å"They [courts] treat disc rimination against women with small children as actionable sex discrimination, along with discrimination against aggressive women and effeminate men. Yet, for reasons not fully articulated, they refuse to treat discrimination against men in dresses as actionable† (Yuracko, 2003). It is evident that courts’ actions are full of inconsistencies. These decisions may at first look intricate and unprincipled. There is a need to propagate social policies directed on development of homogenized workplace. Employers’

Speech In Favor Capital Punishment -- essays research papers

Speech In Favour Of Capital Punishment Capital Punishment is the lawful infliction of death and has been used in Britain since the 5the century. It was not until 1964 that capital punishment was abolished and this has been described by many historians as Britain's worst decision in over 500 years. Along with these Historians, I also believe that our country was much better off with the death penalty as a punishment for sick and twisted people, murderers, rapists and peadophiles. Did you know for instance that in 2003 there were 1048 murders and 172 attributed to one man. . . Harold Shipman. Compare this to 1963 when the death penalty was used as an active deterant to murder, how many? 300. Three hundred murders compared to 1048. Another statistic for you to chew on. In 1961 there were 9 hangings for murder. These seemed to warn people off because the next year there were 2. I have said all I need to say. That is clearly conclusive evidence that the Death Penalty works in deterring criminals, and in a world where you deserve safety, with capital punishment, that is what you would get. Let me go back to my last point. Harold Shipman, responsible for the murders of 172 people. 172 innocent people. People with families. Families that are destroyed. Left with agony. Knowing that their relatives killer is still living and well. Treated in prison to a comfy bed, three meals a day, a wide-screen television and pool table as well as being able to learn read and write. This is what our judicial system calls a â€Å"punishment† All this at the cost to the tax payer of  £432, 000 per 15 years or a life sentence. That's  £600 a week. That s more that some people earn! If Harold Shipman had not been the coward that he was and k... ...cent man, it has happened before and would happen again. In fact, it was a member of my family who had the unpleasant job of hanging an innocent man and finding out what he had done after. So spare a thought not just for the innocent deceased, but the guilty hangman who has to live with it as well. I also understand that there are cases where the penalty is given because we cant be seen to be slacking, like that of Derek Bentley and the film of Let Him Have It. Once again it was my family who had to live with that. So, spare a thought for what that man has to live with for the rest of his life. As I said, these thing are inevitably going to happen and many people will suffer. But even after seeing what it can cause with my own eyes to my own family, i still think it Is a risk worth taking for the better of our country. That is why I am in favour of capital Punishment.

United States Declaration of Independence and People

PLS201 Reading Notes 1 Concepts of Politics and American Politics STUDY: Lecture Notes 1, and We the People, chapter 1 Be informative, rigorous, critical. Provide specific, page-indicated references to the text. NOTE1A 15 lines.In chapter one of We the People the authors address the question of how government is made up of the institutions and procedures by which people are ruled in terms of four propositions: 1) Different forms of government are defined by power and freedom; 2) Limits on government encourage freedom; 3) Expansion of participation in America changed the political balance; 4) The goal of politics is having a say in what happens. Organize your paragraph into four or five sentences identifying the main characteristics of these concepts, as established by the authors.The authors present a concept where the amount of power the government holds and how much freedom people have defines different forms of government. When comparing a Monarchy versus a Democracy, we can clear ly see the differences within the two forms of government. Within a Monarchy, supreme power is bestowed upon one individual whereas Democracy is based on a principle of equality and freedom. The limitations placed upon the government allow the people to have a voice in politics while strengthening the principle above.This balance of power gives the people the ability to voice their opinions. Rather than being another â€Å"person† within a society, Americans are citizens who can influence the government in many ways. This expansion of participation lead to more people having legal rights to participate in politics where they can vote, send letters, lobby, and participate in protest marches and demonstrations. All of this ties back to how American Democracy, unlike many other forms of government, aims to give people a voice while developing the meaning behind â€Å"we the people. †NOTE1B 10 lines. In this same chapter one, the following section examines how the identity of Americans has changed over time, the impact of diversity and race, but in the end, the authors observe, â€Å"the country still confronts the question of who are the Americansâ€Å". Explain, please, what is this about, what is at stake, how do the authors explain it. Even though the American government focuses on the principle of equality and freedom and giving people a voice within this government, they still stumble on a simple question of who are the Americans and what defines them.The government faces a constant flow of immigrants and increasing ambiguity of racial categories raising challenging questions about politics and governing arrangements. Population growth has also spurred debates on how congressional districts should be apportioned. The paradox of the American identity is that although America is a melting pot of different traditions, ethnic backgrounds, and ideology, there are nevertheless distinctive qualities that define who Americans are. The diversity of ci tizens created what America became, a country developed from the ideas of equality and freedom. NOTE1C 15 lines.Concluding chapter one, the authors make an interesting declaration, that America is built on the ideas of liberty, equality, and democracy. They then discuss it in terms of four propositions: 1) that liberty means freedom, 2) that equality means treating people fairly, 3) democracy means that what the people want matters, 4) that American political values conflict. Okay, now, read it and summarize the main of these concepts, about 3-line each. â€Å"Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness,† in the Declaration of Independence exemplifies the inalienable rights which is based on the idea that all men are created equal.For Americans, liberty is â€Å"freedom from government control, and also economic freedom. † Going back to the idea of limited powers within government to allow freedom, the people have the right to alter or abolish the government to institu te a new one for their safety and happiness. When thinking in terms of equality, it can be interpreted in different ways. Equality of opportunity allows the people to reach their fullest potential and political equality refers to the right to participate in politics where every person can vote.In addition to this, political authority rests in the hands of the people, also known as popular sovereignty. The idea of majority rule with minority rights also plays a key role within the government because it allows for the preference of the majority of voters but still protects the interests of the minority. (21) Conflict helps set policies and laws because it considers both sides of any argument and prevents any discrimination against the disabled, elderly, etc. A NOTE ON FORMATThis is a 1- to 2-page, typewritten, single-spaced, font 12 reading note. Write your note where it says text and according to the indicated lines, etc. Your note must reflect you have read and are referring in your writing to the study materials established for this course unit. All references must be credited by indicating the page number in parenthesis. Edit your text before printing it. Once you are sure you are done with the assignment, check that your name and date are written above, print it, and bring it to class as scheduled.

Learn Simple Conjugations for Sauter (to Jump)

The French verb  sauter  means to jump. When you want to say jumped in the past tense or jumping in the present tense, you will need to know its conjugations. This is a regular verb and a quick lesson will show you how easy it is to transform. The Basic Conjugations of  Sauter Among all the French verb conjugations, sauter falls into the largest group. It is a regular -er verb and it uses the most common conjugation pattern found in the language. This can make each new verb you study just a little easier to remember because the same endings are applied to each verb. The first step in any conjugation is identifying the verb stem and in this case, it is  saut-. To this, we can apply the appropriate ending for the subject pronoun and the tense of the sentence. In the indicative mood (which you will use most often), adding an  e  gives you  the present tense  je saute  (I am jumping) and -ions  forms the imperfect  nous sautions  (we jumped).   Present Future Imperfect je saute sauterai sautais tu sautes sauteras sautais il saute sautera sautait nous sautons sauterons sautions vous sautez sauterez sautiez ils sautent sauteront sautaient The Present Participle of  Sauter When you add -ant to the verb stem of a regular verb like sauter, you form the present participle. The result is sautant, which can become a noun or adjective in certain circumstances. Sauter  in the Compound Past Tense In French, we can use  passà © composà ©Ã‚  for the past tense. Its a compound of two elements: the present tense conjugate of  avoir  and the  past participle  sautà ©. This results in phrases such as  jai sautà ©Ã‚  (I jumped) and  nous avons sautà ©Ã‚  (we jumped). More Simple Conjugations of  Sauter If youre ever uncertain about whether someone jumped or not, you may decide to use the subjunctive. When someone will not jump unless something else happens first, that is when the conditional is useful. The passà © simple and imperfect subjunctive are both literary tenses and found in written French. Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je saute sauterais sautai sautasse tu sautes sauterais sautas sautasses il saute sauterait sauta sautt nous sautions sauterions sautmes sautassions vous sautiez sauteriez sauttes sautassiez ils sautent sauteraient sautrent sautassent When you want to quickly tell someone to Jump! you can use  the French imperative.  Theres no need to include the subject pronoun. Simply say, Saute ! Imperative (tu) saute (nous) sautons (vous) sautez